Convert SUB_MICRODVD Subtitles to DFXP Format

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About SUB_MICRODVD

MicroDVD is a frame-based subtitle format, which means its timings are based on video frame numbers rather than timestamps. For example, a line might be defined to appear from frame 1000 to frame 1050. This can be very precise, but it also means the subtitle file is tied to a specific video file with a specific frame rate. If the frame rate changes, the subtitle timing will be incorrect.

About DFXP

DFXP (Distribution Format Exchange Profile) is a profile of the more general TTML standard. It was created to standardize subtitle delivery for streaming services and is famously used by platforms like Netflix. It is an XML-based format that contains rich information about timing, styling, and positioning, ensuring high-quality, professional, and accessible captions for digital distribution.

SUB_MICRODVD vs DFXP

FeatureSUB_MICRODVDDFXP
Styling Supportfalsetrue
Positioning Supportfalsetrue
Animation Supportfalsetrue
Learning Curveintermediateexpert
Quality Rating25
Patent Statusfreewareindustry standard
Year Introduced19992008

Frequently Asked Questions

Why use frame numbers instead of time?

Frame-based timing can be very useful for video editors who work on a frame-by-frame basis. However, for general distribution and playback, time-based formats like SRT are much more flexible and reliable, as they are not dependent on the video's frame rate.

What happens if I use a MicroDVD file with the wrong frame rate video?

The subtitles will go out of sync. For example, if the subtitle file was created for a 25 fps video, but you play it with a 29.97 fps video, the subtitles will appear progressively earlier or later as the video plays.

Is DFXP the same as TTML?

DFXP is a specific implementation, or 'profile', of TTML. Think of TTML as a large toolbox with many options, and DFXP as a specific set of those tools chosen for a particular job (web streaming). While a DFXP file is a TTML file, not all TTML files are valid DFXP files.

Do I need to worry about DFXP as a casual user?

No, DFXP is a professional delivery format. As a user, you will almost never encounter DFXP files directly. They are processed and delivered by the back-end systems of streaming platforms. If you are creating subtitles, you will typically work with SRT or VTT.

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